Video Education and Leaflets to Improve Knowledge, Attitudes, and Adherence to Iron Supplementation
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Abstract
Anemia among adolescent girls remains a health concern due to increased iron requirements during growth and menstruation, while adherence to iron supplementation remains inconsistent. School-based distribution of iron tablets without structured education may limit adolescents' understanding of their benefits, recommended consumption schedule, and management of potential side effects. This study aimed to assess changes in knowledge, attitudes, and adherence to iron supplementation following education delivered through video or leaflet. A two-group quasi-experimental pretest-posttest study was conducted among 70 adolescent girls from SMP Negeri 2 Huamual and SMP Negeri 7 Huamual, with 35 participants in each group. Participants at SMP Negeri 2 received leaflet-based education, whereas those at SMP Negeri 7 received video-based education. Knowledge and attitudes were reassessed three days after the intervention, while adherence was evaluated after one month. Within-group changes were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Knowledge, attitudes, and adherence improved significantly in both groups (all p < 0.001). In the video group, the proportion of participants with good knowledge increased from 0% to 97.1%, favorable attitudes from 0% to 100%, and adherence from 2.9% to 100%. The corresponding changes in the leaflet group were 0% to 85.7%, 2.9% to 88.6%, and 14.3% to 80.0%, respectively. Both educational media may support school-based iron supplementation programs. The superiority of either medium, however, cannot be established because no direct between-group analysis of changes was available.
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